Comprehensive exploration of Bitcoin's Unspent Transaction Output model, covering transaction structure, inputs/outputs, and script validation. Readers will learn how UTXO differs from account-based models and implement a simple UTXO tracker in Kotlin.
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Understanding Bitcoin's UTXO Model
Comprehensive exploration of Bitcoin's Unspent Transaction Output model, covering transaction structure, inputs/outputs, and script validation. Readers will learn how UTXO differs from account-based models and implement a simple UTXO tracker in Kotlin.
Read ArticleWhat You'll Learn
Master Bitcoin's UTXO accounting model by understanding how transactions consume inputs and create outputs, how the global UTXO set represents ledger state, and how this differs fundamentally from account-based blockchains. You'll implement a working UTXO tracker in Kotlin and gain the mental models needed to reason about Bitcoin's state machine architecture.
Architecture-first guide to creating a high-performance Bitcoin indexer that follows a full node, processes blocks, and exposes queryable APIs. Covers data sources, parsing pipeline, schema design, reorg handling, and performance considerations.
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Bitcoin Script: From Basics to Advanced Patterns
Deep dive into Bitcoin's scripting language, covering P2PKH, P2SH, SegWit, and Taproot scripts. Readers will learn to parse, validate, and create custom Bitcoin scripts with practical Kotlin implementations.
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Optimizing Bitcoin Transaction Broadcasting
Practical guide to implementing efficient transaction broadcasting systems, covering mempool management, fee estimation, and network propagation. Includes real-world performance optimization techniques from production systems.
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Bitcoin Block Validation: Implementing Consensus Rules
Detailed walkthrough of Bitcoin's consensus rules, including block header validation, proof-of-work verification, and transaction validation. Readers will build a complete block validator in Kotlin.
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Cardano's Extended UTXO Model: Beyond Bitcoin
Exploration of Cardano's eUTXO model, covering datum, redeemers, and script contexts. Readers will understand how eUTXO enables smart contracts while maintaining UTXO benefits.
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Implementing Ouroboros Praos Consensus in Kotlin
Comprehensive guide to Cardano's proof-of-stake consensus protocol, covering VRF, KES signatures, and slot leadership election. Includes practical implementation of core consensus components.
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Building a Cardano Node from Scratch: Part 1 - Network Layer
First in a series on implementing a Cardano node in pure Kotlin, focusing on P2P networking, peer discovery, and the Ouroboros mini-protocols (chain-sync, block-fetch, tx-submission).
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Building a Cardano Node from Scratch: Part 2 - Ledger Validation
Second part covering Cardano's ledger rules, including transaction validation, stake distribution, and reward calculation. Readers will implement complete ledger state transitions.
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Building a Cardano Node from Scratch: Part 3 - Cryptographic Primitives
Third part focusing on implementing VRF, KES, and other cryptographic primitives required for Cardano consensus. Covers BLAKE2b, Ed25519, and BLS signatures.
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Cardano Smart Contracts: Plutus Core Deep Dive
Technical exploration of Plutus Core, Cardano's smart contract language, covering UPLC, script evaluation, and execution budgets. Includes examples of validating Plutus scripts from Kotlin.
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Integrating Cardano Wallets: CIP-30 Implementation Guide
Practical guide to implementing CIP-30 wallet connector specification, covering Nami, Eternl, and Flint wallet integrations. Includes TypeScript/React examples for dApp development.
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Cardano Transaction Building: A Comprehensive Guide
Step-by-step guide to constructing valid Cardano transactions, covering input selection, change calculation, fee estimation, and metadata. Includes Kotlin library for transaction building.
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Understanding Cosmos SDK: Architecture and Design Patterns
Introduction to Cosmos SDK architecture, covering modules, keepers, and the ABCI interface. Readers will understand how Cosmos enables application-specific blockchains.
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Tendermint Consensus: Implementation and Optimization
Deep dive into Tendermint BFT consensus, covering voting rounds, validator sets, and finality guarantees. Includes performance optimization techniques for high-throughput chains.
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Building Custom Cosmos Modules in Go
Practical guide to creating custom Cosmos SDK modules, covering state management, message handlers, and query services. Readers will build a complete module from scratch.
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IBC Protocol: Inter-Blockchain Communication Explained
Comprehensive exploration of IBC protocol, covering light clients, connection handshakes, and packet relaying. Includes examples of cross-chain token transfers.
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Cosmos Account Model vs UTXO: Trade-offs and Design Decisions
Comparative analysis of account-based and UTXO models, examining trade-offs in scalability, privacy, and smart contract capabilities. Draws from experience with both Bitcoin/Cardano and Cosmos.
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Comparing Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms: PoW, PoS, and BFT
In-depth comparison of Bitcoin's PoW, Cardano's Ouroboros, and Cosmos's Tendermint, covering security assumptions, finality, and performance characteristics.
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UTXO vs Account Model: A Practical Developer's Perspective
Hands-on comparison of UTXO (Bitcoin/Cardano) and account-based (Cosmos/Ethereum) models, with code examples showing transaction construction, state management, and indexing strategies.
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Blockchain Indexing Patterns: From Bitcoin to Multi-Chain
Comprehensive guide to indexing strategies across different blockchain architectures, covering real-time streaming, batch processing, and queryable data structures.
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Building Multi-Chain Wallet Infrastructure
Practical guide to implementing wallet services supporting Bitcoin, Cardano, and Cosmos, covering key derivation (BIP32/BIP44), address generation, and transaction signing.
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Cross-Chain Bridge Architecture: Security and Design Patterns
Exploration of bridge designs for moving assets between chains, covering lock-and-mint, liquidity pools, and validator sets. Includes security considerations and attack vectors.
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Blockchain Data Modeling: Designing Queryable Indexes
Guide to designing efficient database schemas for blockchain data, covering normalization strategies, indexing patterns, and query optimization for Bitcoin, Cardano, and Cosmos.
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Real-Time Blockchain Event Streaming with Kafka
Practical implementation of event-driven architecture for blockchain data, covering Kafka integration, stream processing, and building reactive applications with Spring WebFlux.